New World Hookworm (Necator americanus)
New World hookworms (Necator americanus) are parasitic worms commonly found in the Americas. These parasites attach themselves to the walls of the intestines in their hosts, causing chronic blood loss, anaemia, and protein deficiency. The larvae can penetrate the skin when individuals come into contact with contaminated soil, putting them at risk of infection.
Description
- Intense itching and a localized rash at the entry site
- Abdominal pain and diarrhea as the worms mature
- Chronic anemia and protein loss with severe infections, leading to fatigue and impaired physical and cognitive development in children
New World hookworm infections are widespread in warmer regions of the Americas, affecting millions. Poor sanitation and close human-soil contact increase transmission risks.
These parasites are endemic to tropical and subtropical areas of the Americas, flourishing in environments where sanitation is lacking and soil contamination with human feces is common.
Treatment involves oral antiparasitic medications, like albendazole or mebendazole, which are effective in eliminating the worms. Iron supplements may be necessary for those suffering from anemia due to the infection.
Prevention strategies include improving sanitation facilities, wearing shoes outdoors to avoid skin contact with contaminated soil, and health education on the importance of hygiene practices.
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