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The GetTested DNA Immunity & Inflammation test reveals your genetic tendencies towards inflammation, autoimmune diseases, allergies, and infections. By examining genes linked to conditions like CRP (inflammation), psoriasis, and gluten sensitivity (celiac disease), as well as your response to common allergens and pathogens, it offers a deep dive into how your immune system functions.

<p>The GetTested DNA Immunity & Inflammation test reveals your genetic tendencies towards inflammation, autoimmune diseases, allergies, and infections. By examining genes linked to conditions like CRP (inflammation), psoriasis, and gluten sensitivity (celiac disease), as well as your response to common allergens and pathogens, it offers a deep dive into how your immune system functions.</p>

DNA Immunity & Inflammation Test

NLRC5 (NOD-Like Receptor C5): NLRC5 is a member of the NOD-like receptor family and plays a crucial role in the immune system. It is involved in the regulation of MHC class I genes, which are essential for the immune system's ability to recognize and respond to pathogens. Abnormalities in NLRC5 function can lead to immune system dysregulation and have been associated with various autoimmune disorders....


NLRC5

BCL2 (B-Cell Lymphoma 2): BCL2 is a gene that encodes a protein involved in regulating apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death. BCL2 proteins play a crucial role in maintaining the balance between cell survival and cell death. Dysregulation of BCL2 is implicated in cancer and various diseases....



BCL2

TRMO (tRNA Methyltransferase 10 Homolog A): TRMO is a gene involved in tRNA modification. It encodes an enzyme responsible for methylating specific nucleotides in tRNA molecules. tRNA modifications are essential for accurate protein synthesis during translation....

TRMO

BHLHE41 (Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Family, Member E41): BHLHE41, also known as DEC2, is a transcription factor implicated in the regulation of circadian rhythms and sleep. Variations in this gene are associated with natural short sleep phenotype, where individuals function well with less sleep than average. Understanding BHLHE41 could provide insights into sleep disorders and circadian rhythm regulation....

BHLHE41

PRXL2A (Peroxiredoxin-like 2A): PRXL2A is involved in the reduction of peroxide levels within cells, protecting them from oxidative stress. This enzyme plays a role in cell survival, proliferation, and stress response. Research on PRXL2A can offer insights into its contributions to aging, cancer, and diseases related to oxidative damage....

PRXL2A

BHMT (Betaine-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase): BHMT plays a crucial role in the metabolism of homocysteine, a process important for cardiovascular and neurological health. It catalyzes the conversion of homocysteine to methionine, using betaine as a methyl donor. Dysregulation of BHMT can lead to elevated homocysteine levels, associated with cardiovascular diseases and other health issues....

BHMT

ACKR2 (Atypical Chemokine Receptor 2): Also known as D6, ACKR2 is an atypical chemokine receptor that does not signal in the conventional manner but instead acts to scavenge chemokines from the environment. This function is critical in regulating inflammatory responses and maintaining immune homeostasis. ACKR2's role in clearing chemokines makes it important in controlling the spread of inflammation and has been implicated in various inflammatory diseases, including asthma, psoriasis, and cancer....

ACKR2

TRIM63 (Tripartite Motif Containing 63): TRIM63, also known as MuRF1, is involved in muscle protein degradation, particularly during muscle atrophy. It targets specific muscle proteins for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation in the proteasome. TRIM63 is important in conditions of muscle wasting such as cachexia, sarcopenia, and heart failure. Understanding its role could aid in developing therapies for muscle-wasting diseases....




TRIM63

TRIM37 (Tripartite Motif Containing 37): TRIM37 is a gene encoding a protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, involved in protein degradation. It has been implicated in the Mulibrey nanism, a rare growth disorder. The study of TRIM37 is important in understanding growth and developmental disorders and the ubiquitin-proteasome system....


TRIM37

NLGN1 (Neuroligin 1): Neuroligin 1, encoded by NLGN1, is a key player in the formation and modulation of synapses in the nervous system. It is crucial for synaptic specialization and the regulation of synaptic strength, impacting learning, memory, and overall brain function. NLGN1 has been a focus in the study of autism spectrum disorders and other neurodevelopmental conditions, given its critical role in synaptic development and plasticity....


NLGN1

TRIM33 (Tripartite Motif Containing 33): TRIM33 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in transcriptional regulation and DNA repair. It plays a role in chromatin remodeling and has been implicated in the regulation of stem cell differentiation and in the suppression of tumorigenesis....

TRIM33

NKX2-3 (NK2 Homeobox 3): NKX2-3 is a gene encoding a transcription factor that is important for gastrointestinal development and homeostasis. It regulates the expression of genes involved in intestinal epithelial cell differentiation and mucosal immunity. Dysregulation of NKX2-3 has been associated with inflammatory bowel diseases....


NKX2-3

NKX2-1, also known as thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1), is a protein that functions as a transcription factor, meaning it regulates the expression of genes by binding to specific DNA sequences. It is a member of the NKX family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors and plays a critical role in the development and function of several organs, particularly the thyroid, lung, and brain. One of the primary functions of NKX2-1 is its role in the development of the thyroid gland. NKX2-1 is expressed in the thyroid primordium during embryonic development and is essential for the specification and differentiation of thyroid follicular cells....


NKX2-1

TRIB3 (Tribbles Pseudokinase 3): TRIB3 is involved in various cellular processes, including stress response, cell proliferation, and metabolism. It acts as a modulator of signaling pathways and has been implicated in the development of conditions such as insulin resistance, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases....

TRIB3

TRIB3 (Tribbles Pseudokinase 3): TRIB3 is a pseudokinase that modulates various signaling pathways involved in cell survival, metabolism, and stress responses. It acts as a regulator of cellular stress by modulating pathways related to the unfolded protein response and insulin signaling. Overexpression of TRIB3 has been linked to several conditions, including insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer, by influencing cell proliferation and apoptosis....

NKAIN3 (Na+/K+ Transporting ATPase Interacting 3): NKAIN3 is involved in the regulation of the Na+/K+ ATPase, which is essential for maintaining ion gradients across cell membranes. Its role is important for neuronal function, particularly in regulating neuronal excitability and signal transmission. Dysfunctions in NKAIN3 could affect neural signaling and have implications for neurological disorders....

NKAIN3

TRIB2 (Tribbles Pseudokinase 2): TRIB2 is a member of the tribbles family, involved in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation and survival. It acts as a modulator of signaling pathways and has been implicated in cancer development, particularly in leukemias....

TRIB2

TRIB1 (Tribbles Pseudokinase 1): TRIB1 is a gene that encodes a pseudokinase protein belonging to the Tribbles family. Tribbles proteins are involved in the regulation of various signaling pathways, including those related to cellular growth, metabolism, and inflammation. TRIB1 has been associated with lipid metabolism, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Its intricate roles in these processes are areas of ongoing research....




TRIB1

FBOX21 (F-Box Protein 21): FBOX21 is part of the F-box family of proteins, which play critical roles in the ubiquitin-proteasome system for protein degradation. This system is vital for regulating protein levels within the cell, affecting numerous cellular processes such as cell cycle progression, signal transduction, and apoptosis. FBOX21 specifically is involved in targeting proteins for degradation, thereby maintaining cellular homeostasis. Dysregulation of FBOX21 can lead to various diseases, including cancers, where aberrant protein accumulation or degradation contributes to disease pathogenesis....

FBOX21

TRHDE (Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Degrading Enzyme): TRHDE encodes an enzyme responsible for the degradation of thyrotropin-releasing hormone, which is important in regulating the thyroid axis. It plays a role in maintaining hormonal balance and has implications in metabolic processes and mood regulation....

TRHDE

BMPR1B (Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Type 1B): BMPR1B is a receptor for bone morphogenetic proteins, involved in bone formation and development. It plays a role in cell growth and differentiation and has been studied in relation to skeletal disorders and cancers....



BMPR1B

C6ORF47 (Chromosome 6 Open Reading Frame 47): C6ORF47, located on chromosome 6, is a lesser-characterized gene. Open reading frames like C6ORF47 often represent potential protein-coding regions, but their specific functions can be enigmatic. The study of such genes can uncover new aspects of cellular function and contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the human genome....

C6ORF47

C8ORF37 (Chromosome 8 Open Reading Frame 37): C8ORF37 is a gene associated with retinal dystrophies and Bardet-Biedl syndrome, a disorder characterized by vision loss, obesity, and other symptoms. Mutations in this gene can lead to retinal degeneration and impaired ciliary function, highlighting its role in photoreceptor cell maintenance and cilia-related processes....



C8ORF37

NNT (Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase): NNT is an enzyme located in the mitochondrial inner membrane, involved in the regeneration of NADPH from NADH. This process is crucial for maintaining the cellular redox state and protecting cells from oxidative stress. Deficiencies in NNT can lead to impaired mitochondrial function and increased susceptibility to oxidative damage, contributing to metabolic disorders and chronic diseases....



ITGA4 (Integrin Subunit Alpha 4): ITGA4 is a cell adhesion molecule involved in leukocyte migration and immune responses. It's crucial for the immune system's ability to reach sites of inflammation. Dysregulation of ITGA4 can lead to autoimmune disorders and impacts the efficacy of immune responses....

ITGA4

LPP (LIM Domain Containing Preferred Translocation Partner In Lipoma): LPP plays a role in cell adhesion, migration, and organization of the actin cytoskeleton. It is involved in the formation of focal adhesions and stress fibers, linking the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. This gene's function is crucial for the regulation of cell movement and the maintenance of cellular structure. Alterations in LPP have been implicated in the development of lipomas and other tumors, highlighting its importance in cell biology and cancer research....

NFKBIE (NF-Kappa-B Inhibitor Epsilon): NFKBIE is a critical regulator of the NF-kappa-B pathway, which is involved in immune responses, inflammation, and cell survival. It acts by inhibiting NF-kappa-B activity, thereby modulating the expression of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. Dysregulation of NFKBIE has been linked to autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory conditions, and cancer, highlighting its role in immune regulation and disease pathogenesis....


NFKBIE

MFSD10 (Major Facilitator Superfamily Domain-Containing Protein 10): MFSD10 is a gene that encodes a protein involved in transport processes across cell membranes. The specific function of MFSD10 is still being investigated, but it may play a role in nutrient transport and cellular homeostasis....

MFSD10 

MS4A13 (Membrane Spanning 4-Domains A13): MS4A13 is part of the MS4A gene family, which is involved in signal transduction and cellular activation. The specific role of MS4A13 is not well understood, but members of this family are important in immune responses and in the pathogenesis of diseases like Alzheimer's....


MS4A13

TREH (Trehalase): TREH encodes the enzyme trehalase, which is involved in the hydrolysis of trehalose, a disaccharide sugar. Trehalase is important for carbohydrate metabolism, particularly in the gut where trehalose is broken down. Deficiencies in trehalase activity can lead to trehalose intolerance, characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms following trehalose ingestion....

TREH

NFIA, or Nuclear Factor I A, is a transcription factor that plays crucial roles in the regulation of gene expression, cellular differentiation, and development. Positioned predominantly within the nucleus of cells, NFIA belongs to the Nuclear Factor I (NFI) family, which consists of highly conserved DNA-binding proteins involved in the transcriptional control of various genes. One of the primary functions of NFIA is its involvement in the regulation of gene expression through binding to specific DNA sequences, known as NFIA recognition elements, within the promoter regions of target genes. By interacting with transcriptional co-regulators and chromatin-modifying enzymes, NFIA can either activate...


NFIA

TRDMT1 (tRNA (cytosine(38)-C(5))-methyltransferase): TRDMT1 is an enzyme responsible for catalyzing the methylation of cytosine at position 38 in tRNA molecules. This post-transcriptional modification, known as 5-methylcytosine (m5C), is essential for the stability and proper function of tRNA. Methylation of cytosine at position 38 contributes to tRNA folding, stability, and accurate codon recognition during translation. TRDMT1-mediated tRNA methylation plays crucial roles in various cellular processes, including protein synthesis, regulation of gene expression, and cellular stress responses. Dysregulation of TRDMT1 activity or tRNA methylation has been implicated in several human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and developmental abnormalities. Additionally, TRDMT1 has been shown...


TRDMT1

TRAPPC9 (Trafficking Protein Particle Complex Subunit 9): TRAPPC9 is a gene associated with a subunit of the trafficking protein particle (TRAPP) complex. This complex is involved in vesicle trafficking within cells, facilitating the movement of proteins and lipids between cellular compartments. TRAPPC9's role in vesicle trafficking is essential for maintaining cellular function and organization....

TRAPPC9

CAPS (Calcium-Activated Protease Substrate): CAPS, known for its role as a substrate for calcium-activated proteases, plays a crucial part in cellular processes that are regulated by intracellular calcium levels. These processes include cell migration, division, and apoptosis, which are fundamental for tissue development and repair. CAPS is involved in the modulation of cytoskeletal dynamics and cell adhesion, mechanisms vital for the proper function and structural integrity of cells. The precise regulation of CAPS by calcium signaling underscores its importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding to physiological and pathological stimuli. Dysregulation of CAPS can contribute to various disease states, including...


CAPS

TRAPPC14 (Trafficking Protein Particle Complex 14): TRAPPC14 is a component of the TRAPP (Trafficking Protein Particle) complex, which plays a vital role in vesicular transport processes within cells. This protein is involved in the regulation of trafficking between various membranous organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and endosomes. TRAPPC14 functions as part of the machinery that ensures the precise delivery of cargo proteins and lipids across different cellular compartments, critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis and function. Its role is particularly important in the context of protein secretion, membrane biogenesis, and the maintenance of organelle integrity. Dysregulation or genetic mutations...

TRAPPC14

ACE (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme): ACE is a crucial enzyme in the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS), primarily involved in blood pressure regulation and fluid balance. It catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, thereby playing a pivotal role in controlling vascular tone and electrolyte balance. Angiotensin II's effects include constriction of blood vessels, stimulation of aldosterone secretion, and elevation of blood pressure. Beyond its vasoactive functions, ACE has implications in various physiological and pathological processes, including heart function, kidney disease, and inflammatory responses. Dysregulation of ACE activity is associated with hypertension, heart failure, and renal diseases, making it...

TRAF5 (TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 5): TRAF5 is a member of the TRAF protein family, which mediates signal transduction from various receptors, including TNF receptors and Toll-like receptors, playing a key role in immune and inflammatory responses. TRAF5 is involved in NF-kB activation, a pathway essential for immune regulation, cell survival, and differentiation. Dysregulation of TRAF5 can contribute to autoimmune diseases, making it a potential target for therapeutic intervention in immune disorders....

TRAF5

TPSB2 (Tryptase Beta 2): TPSB2 encodes a member of the serine protease family, specifically a type of tryptase. Tryptases are involved in allergic responses and are found in mast cells. They play a role in inflammation and immune response, and elevated levels of tryptase are associated with allergic reactions and certain mast cell-related disorders....

TPSB2

NFE2 (Nuclear Factor, Erythroid 2): NFE2 is a transcription factor important in the regulation of genes involved in erythropoiesis, the process of red blood cell production. It plays a key role in the development and maturation of erythroid cells. Mutations or alterations in NFE2 can lead to blood disorders, particularly affecting red blood cell production....


NFE2

TPO (Thyroid Peroxidase): TPO encodes the thyroid peroxidase enzyme, which is crucial for thyroid hormone synthesis. It catalyzes the iodination and coupling of thyroid hormone precursors, ultimately leading to the production of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). Dysregulation of TPO can result in thyroid disorders....


TPH2 (Tryptophan Hydroxylase 2): TPH2 is an enzyme critical in the synthesis of serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in regulating mood, sleep, and appetite. TPH2 is primarily found in the brain and is essential for brain serotonin production. Genetic variations in TPH2 have been linked to psychiatric disorders, including depression and bipolar disorder....

TPH2

DRD5 (Dopamine Receptor D5): DRD5 is a dopamine receptor that shares similarities with DRD1. It's involved in cognitive and emotional processes and is a target for certain pharmacological treatments for psychiatric and neurological disorders....

DRD5

TPGS2 (Tocopherol (Alpha) Transfer Protein-Like): TPGS2 is involved in the metabolism and transport of vitamin E within cells. It plays a role in antioxidant defense and cell signaling, and is important for maintaining the integrity of the nervous system and other vitamin E-sensitive pathways in the body....




TPGS2

DRD3 (Dopamine Receptor D3): DRD3 is another dopamine receptor subtype, expressed in the brain. It's involved in cognitive, emotional, and motor functions. Variants in DRD3 have been studied in relation to schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and susceptibility to addictive behaviors....

DRD3

AFF3 (AF4/FMR2 Family Member 3): AFF3 is a gene related to transcriptional regulation and chromatin organization. It belongs to the AF4/FMR2 family, which includes genes involved in gene expression. AFF3 may participate in the control of gene transcription, influencing the development and function of various cell types....

AFF3

AEBP2 (Adipocyte Enhancer Binding Protein 2): AEBP2 is a DNA-binding transcription factor involved in adipogenesis and the regulation of gene expression. It plays a role in the differentiation of adipocytes and is also implicated in the epigenetic regulation of genes, particularly as a component of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), which is essential for maintaining the transcriptional repression of genes during development and differentiation....

AEBP2

DRD1 (Dopamine Receptor D1): DRD1 is a major dopamine receptor in the brain, playing a key role in the dopaminergic system, which is involved in reward, motivation, and motor control. Dysregulation of DRD1 is implicated in psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and addictive behaviors....

DRD1

TOMM40 (Translocase of Outer Mitochondrial Membrane 40): TOMM40 is a key protein involved in mitochondrial biology, specifically in the process of protein import into the mitochondria. As a component of the TOM complex, TOMM40 facilitates the translocation of nuclear-encoded proteins across the outer mitochondrial membrane, where they can fulfill various essential functions within the mitochondria. This protein is particularly notable for its association with Alzheimer's disease, as certain variants of TOMM40 have been implicated in modulating the risk and age of onset of the disease. Beyond Alzheimer's, TOMM40 has been implicated in other neurodegenerative disorders and age-related cognitive decline, underscoring...

TOMM40

DPYSL5 (Dihydropyrimidinase Like 5): DPYSL5 is part of a family of proteins involved in neurodevelopment, particularly in axonal growth and guidance. It's implicated in neuronal repair processes and has been studied in the context of neurodegenerative diseases....

DPYSL5

DPY19L3 (Dpy-19 Like 3): DPY19L3 is a less-characterized member of the DPY19 family, potentially involved in transmembrane transport or protein trafficking. Its precise functions and role in human health are not fully elucidated....

DPY19L3

DPPA2 (Developmental Pluripotency-Associated 2): DPPA2 is a gene associated with pluripotency and is involved in the regulation of embryonic stem cell identity. It plays a role in maintaining the undifferentiated state of embryonic stem cells and is part of the molecular machinery that controls pluripotency-associated gene expression....

DPPA2

DPEP1 (Dipeptidase 1): DPEP1 is involved in the hydrolysis of dipeptides and has a role in detoxification processes, particularly in the kidney. It participates in the metabolism of glutathione and leukotrienes, compounds important for cellular redox balance and inflammation. Variations in DPEP1 activity can affect drug metabolism and the body's response to inflammatory stimuli. Research into DPEP1 focuses on its implications for kidney function, hypertension, and inflammatory diseases....

DPEP1

ADAL (Adenosine Deaminase-Like): ADAL is a protein similar to adenosine deaminase, which is involved in purine metabolism. It plays a role in the breakdown of adenosine, an important molecule for energy transfer and signaling in cells. ADAL's function in adenosine metabolism is critical for maintaining cellular energy balance and nucleotide pool homeostasis....

ADAL

ADRA2A (Alpha-2 Adrenergic Receptor 2A): ADRA2A encodes a protein called alpha-2 adrenergic receptor 2A, which is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family. It plays a crucial role in regulating the response to the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. ADRA2A is involved in various physiological processes, including blood pressure regulation, vasoconstriction, and the fight-or-flight response....

ADRA2A

ADRB2 (Adrenoceptor Beta 2): ADRB2 encodes the beta-2-adrenergic receptor, which is involved in the 'fight or flight' response. It mediates smooth muscle relaxation in the airways and blood vessels and is a target for drugs treating asthma and COPD. Genetic variations in ADRB2 can affect an individual's response to these medications....

ADRB2

ADRB3 (Adrenoceptor Beta 3): ADRB3 is a gene that encodes a beta-adrenergic receptor, primarily found in adipose tissue. It's involved in the regulation of lipolysis and thermogenesis, playing a significant role in energy expenditure and obesity. Variants of this gene have been studied for their potential impact on obesity and metabolic disorders....

ADRB3

ORMDL3 (ORMDL Sphingolipid Biosynthesis Regulator 3): ORMDL3 regulates the synthesis of sphingolipids, essential components of cell membranes and signaling molecules. Its activity is critical in maintaining cellular lipid homeostasis and modulating the inflammatory response. Variants in the ORMDL3 gene have been associated with an increased risk of asthma and other allergic diseases, highlighting its role in immune regulation and the pathogenesis of inflammatory conditions....



ORMDL3

STMN4 (Stathmin-Like 4): STMN4 is involved in microtubule dynamics and regulation. It plays a role in the organization of the cytoskeleton and may impact cellular processes such as cell division and intracellular transport....


STMN4

LYST (Lysosomal Trafficking Regulator): LYST is a key regulator of lysosomal trafficking, critical for the proper function of lysosomes in cellular digestion and waste management. Mutations in the LYST gene cause Chediak-Higashi syndrome, a rare immunodeficiency disorder characterized by abnormal lysosome formation, leading to defective immune responses and increased susceptibility to infections. LYST's role in regulating lysosomal function highlights its importance in cellular homeostasis and the immune system's effectiveness....

LYST

DOK6 (Docking Protein 6): DOK6 is part of the DOK family proteins, acting as substrates and regulators of tyrosine kinases. It's involved in signaling pathways related to nerve cell development and function. DOK6 has been implicated in neuronal differentiation and has potential relevance in neurological disorders....

DOK6

MTRES1 (Mitochondrial tRNA Editing Site 1): MTRES1 is a gene related to mitochondrial tRNA (transfer RNA) editing. tRNAs are essential for protein synthesis in mitochondria. MTRES1 likely plays a role in maintaining the fidelity of mitochondrial protein translation by editing tRNAs....

MTRES1

GHRL (Ghrelin): GHRL is a gene that encodes ghrelin, a peptide hormone known as the "hunger hormone." Ghrelin stimulates appetite and food intake by acting on the hypothalamus. It plays a role in regulating meal initiation and body weight....

GHRL

FAM227B (Family with Sequence Similarity 227 Member B): FAM227B is a gene with currently limited functional information. Further research is needed to elucidate its specific role and significance in cellular processes and human health....

FAM227B

NECTIN2 (Nectin Cell Adhesion Molecule 2): NECTIN2, also known as CD112, is a transmembrane cell adhesion molecule that belongs to the nectin family. It plays a pivotal role in mediating cell-cell adhesion and is predominantly expressed in epithelial and neuronal tissues. NECTIN2 functions as a homophilic and heterophilic adhesion molecule, interacting with other nectins and nectin-like proteins, as well as with receptors on neighboring cells, such as DNAM-1 (CD226), CD96, and TIGIT. Through these interactions, NECTIN2 contributes to the formation and maintenance of adherens junctions and synaptic connections, thereby regulating processes such as cell migration, polarization, and synaptic transmission. Dysregulation...

NECTIN2

EXOC1L (Exocyst Complex Component 1 Like): EXOC1L is a less characterized component of the exocyst complex, which is involved in vesicle trafficking and exocytosis. It may play a role in the targeted delivery of vesicles to the plasma membrane, impacting processes such as cell signaling, membrane expansion, and secretion....

EXOC1L

Meat from young sheep, commonly consumed in various cuisines. Can cause allergic reactions in some individuals.

Lamb

ESR1, also known as Estrogen Receptor Alpha, is a protein that belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family and acts as a transcription factor. It plays a pivotal role in mediating the effects of estrogen, a steroid hormone, in various tissues throughout the body. One of the primary functions of ESR1 is its role in regulating gene expression in response to estrogen binding. In the absence of estrogen, ESR1 resides in the cytoplasm in an inactive state, bound to heat shock proteins. Upon binding of estrogen, ESR1 undergoes a conformational change, dissociates from the heat shock proteins, and translocates to the...

ESR1

CDKL2 (Cyclin-Dependent Kinase-Like 2): CDKL2 is involved in neuronal development and function. It belongs to the cyclin-dependent kinase family and is thought to play a role in signal transduction and cell cycle regulation. Its specific role in neurons suggests a potential involvement in neurodevelopmental processes and neurological disorders....


CDKL2

ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 1): ABCA1 is a crucial membrane protein involved in cellular lipid transport, particularly in the efflux of cholesterol and phospholipids from cells to lipid-poor apolipoproteins, forming nascent high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. This process, known as reverse cholesterol transport, plays a fundamental role in the regulation of cellular cholesterol homeostasis and the maintenance of lipid metabolism. ABCA1 is predominantly expressed in the liver and peripheral tissues such as macrophages, where it facilitates cholesterol removal from cells, thereby exerting anti-atherogenic effects and reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Dysfunctional ABCA1 expression or mutations in the ABCA1...

ABCA1

ZNF584 (Zinc Finger Protein 584): ZNF584 is part of the zinc finger protein family, typically involved in DNA binding and gene regulation. While the specific functions of ZNF584 are not fully established, it may play a role in transcriptional regulation, impacting various cellular processes and potentially influencing developmental pathways or disease mechanisms....

ZNF584

PDE5A (Phosphodiesterase 5A): PDE5A encodes a phosphodiesterase enzyme that specifically targets cyclic GMP, a second messenger important in various biological processes. PDE5A is well-known for its role in vascular smooth muscle regulation, and inhibitors of PDE5A are used in treating erectile dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension. Research into PDE5A is significant for cardiovascular and urogenital health....


PDE5A

C-reactive protein (CRP) testing measures the level of CRP in the blood, an indicator of inflammation in the body. Elevated CRP levels can signal acute inflammations, infections, and chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or heart disease. This test is commonly used to diagnose and monitor conditions that cause inflammation. It's particularly valuable for detecting flare-ups in chronic inflammatory conditions and assessing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Regular CRP testing helps in guiding treatment decisions and monitoring the effectiveness of therapies in reducing inflammation....

JAK2 (Janus Kinase 2): JAK2 is a gene encoding a kinase enzyme that is part of the Janus kinase (JAK) family. JAK2 is involved in cytokine signaling pathways and is crucial for the activation of immune and hematopoietic cells. Mutations in JAK2 are associated with blood disorders such as polycythemia vera and myeloproliferative neoplasms....

JAK2

ARHGAP27 (Rho GTPase Activating Protein 27): ARHGAP27 plays a role in actin cytoskeleton remodeling, cell morphology, and motility through its regulation of Rho GTPases. These GTPases are key regulators of cellular processes such as vesicle trafficking, cell cycle progression, and gene transcription. ARHGAP27's function in modulating cell adhesion and migration is particularly relevant in tissue development and wound healing, as well as in tumor progression and metastasis....




ARHGAP27

CLOCK (Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput): The CLOCK gene is fundamental in the regulation of circadian rhythms, which are the physical, mental, and behavioral changes following a 24-hour cycle. It is involved in the control of sleep-wake cycles and various physiological processes including metabolism. Mutations in the CLOCK gene can disrupt normal circadian rhythms, leading to various health issues such as sleep disorders, metabolic syndrome, and mood disturbances....

CLOCK

ARAP2 (ArfGAP With RhoGAP Domain, Ankyrin Repeat, and PH Domain 2): ARAP2 is involved in cell signaling pathways, acting as a GTPase-activating protein for Arf and Rho family members. It's important for cell migration and cytoskeletal organization, with potential implications in cancer metastasis and cellular morphology....

ARAP2

AR (Androgen Receptor): AR is a nuclear receptor protein that binds to androgens (male sex hormones) and plays a central role in male sexual development and function. It is involved in regulating the development of male secondary sexual characteristics and is the target of androgen-based therapies. Mutations in the AR gene can lead to various androgen-related disorders....


APEH (Acylaminoacyl-Peptide Hydrolase): APEH is an enzyme that degrades acetylated peptides, playing a role in protein turnover and degradation. It's involved in the processing of damaged or misfolded proteins, thereby maintaining protein homeostasis. Dysfunctions in APEH have implications in neurodegenerative diseases and in the response to oxidative stress....

APEH

ANKK1 (Ankyrin Repeat and Kinase Domain Containing 1): ANKK1 is involved in signal transduction and potentially in the regulation of dopamine receptors, which are important for brain function. Variants near the ANKK1 gene have been linked to neuropsychiatric disorders and addiction, possibly due to their influence on dopamine signaling....

ANKK1

ALX4 (ALX Homeobox 4): ALX4 is a transcription factor involved in skull and limb development. Mutations in this gene can lead to craniofacial malformations and skeletal abnormalities, highlighting its importance in bone development and morphogenesis....

ALX4

ALDH7A1 (Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 7 Family Member A1): ALDH7A1 is involved in the metabolism of aldehydes and is essential for the detoxification of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate, a form of vitamin B6. Deficiency in ALDH7A1 leads to pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy, a condition where seizures are caused by an abnormality in lysine metabolism and are responsive to vitamin B6 treatment....

ALDH7A1

AKR1E2 (Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member E2): AKR1E2 is part of the aldo-keto reductase family, which is involved in the detoxification of aldehydes and ketones. The specific function of AKR1E2 is not fully understood, but members of this family play roles in metabolism and the response to oxidative stress. Research into AKR1E2 could provide insights into metabolic disorders and cellular responses to environmental stressors....

AKR1E2

AK9 (Adenylate Kinase 9): Adenylate Kinase 9, also known as AK9, is a member of the adenylate kinase family, which catalyzes the reversible transfer of phosphate groups between adenine nucleotides, primarily ATP and AMP. AK9 specifically localizes to the mitochondria, where it plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and nucleotide homeostasis. By facilitating the interconversion of ATP and AMP, AK9 contributes to the regulation of cellular energy levels and the maintenance of adenine nucleotide balance. This enzyme is implicated in various cellular processes, including mitochondrial biogenesis, apoptosis, and stress response pathways. Dysregulation of AK9 has been linked to metabolic...

ADRA1A (Adrenoceptor Alpha 1A): ADRA1A is a subtype of the alpha-1-adrenergic receptors, involved in the physiological responses to adrenaline and noradrenaline, particularly in smooth muscle contraction. It plays a role in cardiovascular function, including blood pressure regulation and vascular tone. Abnormalities in ADRA1A can have implications in cardiovascular diseases and disorders of the autonomic nervous system....

ADRA1A

ADH1B (Alcohol Dehydrogenase 1B): ADH1B is involved in the initial step of alcohol metabolism, converting ethanol to acetaldehyde. Genetic variations in ADH1B can affect the rate of alcohol metabolism, influencing alcohol tolerance and susceptibility to alcohol-related diseases....

ADH1B

ADARB2 (Adenosine Deaminase RNA-Specific B2): ADARB2 is an enzyme that belongs to the adenosine deaminase family and is involved in RNA editing. It specifically deaminates adenosine to inosine in RNA molecules, leading to alterations in RNA sequences. This post-transcriptional modification can impact the structure and function of RNA, potentially influencing various cellular processes and gene expression regulation....

ADARB2

ADAMTS16 (ADAM Metallopeptidase with Thrombospondin Type 1 Motif, 16): ADAMTS16 is an enzyme involved in the cleavage of extracellular matrix components. It plays a role in tissue remodeling and development. Dysregulation of ADAMTS16 has been associated with various conditions, including kidney and cardiovascular diseases, and it may have implications in fertility....

ADAMTS16

ACKR1 (Atypical Chemokine Receptor 1): ACKR1, formerly known as DARC (Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines), acts as a decoy receptor for chemokines, modulating the immune response and inflammatory pathways. Unlike typical chemokine receptors, ACKR1 does not signal intracellularly but serves to sequester chemokines, reducing their availability to signal through conventional chemokine receptors. This unique mechanism plays a role in the regulation of inflammation and in protecting tissues from excessive damage during immune responses. Variations in ACKR1 are associated with susceptibility to infection and the severity of inflammatory diseases....

ACKR1

ACKR1 (Atypical Chemokine Receptor 1): ACKR1, formerly known as Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC), acts as a decoy receptor that binds chemokines without signaling. It modulates the immune response by sequestering chemokines, affecting leukocyte migration. ACKR1 is also known for its role in malaria resistance, as it serves as a receptor for Plasmodium vivax. Variations in ACKR1 can influence susceptibility to infection and autoimmune diseases, highlighting its role in immunity and disease....

ABT1, also known as Activator of Basal Transcription 1, is a protein that plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression by promoting the initiation of transcription. It is a component of the RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription machinery, which is responsible for transcribing ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes to generate ribosomal RNA transcripts. One of the primary functions of ABT1 is its role as a transcription factor that binds to specific DNA sequences within the promoter regions of rRNA genes. By binding to these promoter sequences, ABT1 recruits other transcription factors and the RNA polymerase I complex to...

ABT1

ABCG5 (ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily G Member 5): ABCG5 is part of the ATP-binding cassette transporter family and plays a crucial role in the regulation of dietary cholesterol. It functions in tandem with another gene, ABCG8, to limit intestinal absorption and promote the excretion of sterols from the body. Mutations in ABCG5 are associated with sitosterolemia, a rare disorder characterized by high levels of plant sterols in blood, leading to atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular issues....

ABCG5

SLC25A2 (Solute Carrier Family 25 Member 2): SLC25A2 encodes a member of the solute carrier family of mitochondrial transport proteins, specifically involved in the transport of ornithine across the mitochondrial membrane. This process is crucial in the urea cycle and amino acid metabolism. Dysfunctions in this gene can lead to metabolic disorders, highlighting its importance in understanding metabolic pathways and potential therapeutic targets for related diseases....

2SLC25A2

MYH11 (Myosin Heavy Chain 11): MYH11 encodes a smooth muscle myosin heavy chain, a key component of the contractile apparatus in smooth muscle cells. This protein plays a pivotal role in the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle fibers, which is fundamental to various physiological processes, including vascular regulation, gastrointestinal motility, and respiratory function. MYH11 is essential for maintaining the structural integrity and function of smooth muscle tissues across the body. Mutations or dysregulation in the MYH11 gene can lead to a range of vascular disorders, including thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections, highlighting its critical role in vascular health. The...


MYH11

SLC1A7 (Solute Carrier Family 1 Member 7): SLC1A7 is a high-affinity glutamate transporter, primarily involved in the clearance of glutamate from the synaptic cleft. Its role is crucial in preventing excitotoxicity, a condition where excessive glutamate causes neuronal damage. While less studied than other glutamate transporters, SLC1A7 contributes to the regulation of glutamatergic signaling, with potential implications for neurological conditions characterized by dysregulated glutamate neurotransmission....

SLC1A7

MTR (5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine Methyltransferase): MTR is a critical enzyme involved in the remethylation pathway of homocysteine metabolism. This enzyme catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) to homocysteine, generating methionine and tetrahydrofolate (THF). Methionine serves as a precursor for S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), a universal methyl donor essential for various methylation reactions in the body, including DNA methylation, neurotransmitter synthesis, and histone modification. The remethylation of homocysteine by MTR is a vital process for maintaining normal homocysteine levels and ensuring an adequate supply of methyl groups for cellular methylation reactions. Dysregulation of MTR activity, often due to genetic mutations or deficiencies...



NAA38 (N-Alpha-Acetyltransferase 38, NatC Catalytic Subunit): NAA38, also known as MAK3, is part of the N-terminal acetyltransferase complex that catalyzes the transfer of acetyl groups to the N-terminus of proteins, a modification affecting protein stability, localization, and function. While the specific biological roles of NAA38 and its substrate specificity are not fully understood, N-terminal acetylation is a widespread and important post-translational modification. Studying NAA38 and related enzymes can provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms of protein function and the implications of protein acetylation in cellular processes and diseases....

NAA38

NCLN (Nicalin): NCLN is a part of the nicalin-NOMO (nodal modulator) complex, which is involved in various cellular processes including signaling pathways that regulate embryonic development and organogenesis. While the specific functions of NCLN are still being elucidated, it is thought to play a role in modulating signaling pathways such as the Nodal signaling, important for patterning and development. NCLN's function and its complex suggest its potential involvement in developmental disorders and diseases related to signaling pathway dysregulation....

NCLN

MORC4 (MORC Family CW-Type Zinc Finger 4): MORC4 is involved in chromatin remodeling and gene expression regulation. This gene has implications in cellular processes like DNA repair and apoptosis. Mutations or dysfunctions in MORC4 could be linked to various cancers and developmental disorders, making it a focus in the study of gene regulation and cancer biology....

MORC4

ZNF516 (Zinc Finger Protein 516): ZNF516 is a KRAB zinc finger protein, which suggests a role in DNA binding and transcriptional regulation. It's implicated in the regulation of cardiac genes and has been studied in relation to cardiovascular diseases. Dysregulation of ZNF516 may influence cardiac development and function, with potential implications for heart disease and heart failure....

ZNF516

XYLT1 (Xylosyltransferase 1): XYLT1 is an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of proteoglycans, which are important components of the extracellular matrix. It adds xylose to specific serine residues in proteoglycans, a crucial step in the formation of connective tissues. Mutations in XYLT1 can lead to skeletal and connective tissue disorders, highlighting its role in tissue development and maintenance....

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