Allergies

Acacia trees are ornamental plants that produce allergenic pollen. They usually bloom from late winter through spring, releasing pollen that can cause seasonal allergy symptoms. Individuals living in regions with numerous acacia trees may experience heightened allergic reactions during these flowering periods.

Acarus siro, commonly called the flour mite, is a species frequently found in stored grains and flour. These mites thrive in kitchen cupboards and pantries, especially under humid conditions. For sensitive individuals, exposure can trigger allergic reactions and may be particularly problematic for those with pre-existing respiratory conditions.

Alder pollen is a common early spring allergen released by alder trees during their blooming season. This pollen can trigger allergic reactions such as hay fever (allergic rhinitis) in sensitive individuals. Symptoms often worsen on dry, windy days when pollen dispersal is at its highest.

Almond allergy is a condition that involves the immune system reacting to proteins found in almonds, a type of tree nut. It is one of the more common tree nut allergies and can cause symptoms ranging from mild irritation to severe, potentially life-threatening reactions.

Allergies to almonds, pine nuts, and sunflower seeds are immune reactions triggered by proteins present in these nuts and seeds. These reactions can cause a variety of symptoms, and understanding, identifying, and managing these allergies is crucial for ensuring safety and overall health.

Alternaria alternata is a fungus that releases spores into the air, triggering allergic reactions. It grows on various plants and materials, thriving in warm, moist environments. Individuals sensitive to this fungus may experience symptoms during dry, windy conditions when spore concentrations are at their peak.

Apple allergy is an allergic reaction to proteins found in apples, often linked to Oral Allergy Syndrome (OAS). It commonly occurs in people allergic to birch pollen, as similar proteins in apples can trigger cross-reactivity. Symptoms can range from mild oral discomfort to more pronounced reactions, though severe cases are uncommon.

Pollen from ash trees, which is a common allergen during springtime. Can induce respiratory symptoms in allergic individuals.

Aspergillus fumigatus is a common fungus found in soil, decaying organic matter, and sometimes indoor environments. It is a significant allergen that can cause respiratory conditions such as allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in susceptible individuals, especially those with asthma or cystic fibrosis.

Grass pollen that is a significant cause of seasonal allergies, especially in late spring and early summer.

Barley is a commonly used grain found in a variety of foods and drinks—from bread and cereals to beer. For some people, barley can trigger an allergic reaction because of its protein content. Identifying the symptoms and effectively managing a barley allergy is crucial for those affected.

Bee venom allergy is a condition in which the immune system overreacts to proteins in bee venom after a sting. This allergic reaction can cause symptoms ranging from mild local swelling to severe systemic responses, including life-threatening anaphylaxis. Recognising and understanding these signs is essential for effective management and treatment.

Bermuda grass pollen allergy is a type of allergic reaction to the pollen released by Bermuda grass, a common grass species in warmer regions often used in lawns, parks, and golf courses. This allergy is a form of seasonal allergic rhinitis, typically occurring during the grass-pollinating seasons in late spring and summer.

Pollen from birch trees, a common trigger of hay fever, asthma, and other respiratory allergies in the spring.

Shellfish allergies are a type of food allergy that affect both adults and children. This allergy often involves a variety of shellfish, including blue mussel, oyster, clam, and scallop. Because allergic reactions can be severe, understanding how to recognise and manage a shellfish allergy is essential for those affected.

Buckwheat intolerance is a condition where the body struggles to digest buckwheat, causing digestive issues. Unlike a buckwheat allergy, which activates the immune system and can lead to serious reactions, intolerance usually results only in stomach discomfort.

Cacao, the primary ingredient in chocolate, is enjoyed by many but can also cause allergic reactions in some people. An allergy to cacao may result in various symptoms, ranging from mild skin or digestive issues to respiratory difficulties, and in rare instances, anaphylaxis. It is important to recognize how your body reacts to cacao and related products to support overall health and well-being.

Allergenic protein found in the skin, saliva, and urine of cats, which can cause respiratory issues and asthma.

The Cross-reactive Carbohydrate Determinants (CCDs) role refers to the influence of complex sugar structures found on the surface of plant and animal proteins in allergy testing. These structures can cause cross-reactivity, leading to false-positive results. Understanding CCDs is essential for accurate allergy diagnosis and avoiding misinterpretation of test outcomes.

Cheddar cheese allergy is a reaction associated with cow’s milk allergy, as cheddar is produced from cow’s milk. It is triggered by milk proteins such as casein and whey. Identifying the symptoms and understanding how to manage the allergy are crucial for those affected.

Citrus mix allergy refers to an allergic reaction to a combination of citrus fruits without specifying individual types. This category often includes oranges, lemons, limes, grapefruits, and may also involve tangerines, pomelos, and related varieties. The reaction is triggered by proteins common to these fruits, which can cause a range of allergy symptoms.

Mold that can cause respiratory problems and exacerbate asthma, prevalent in damp environments.

Insect allergen from cockroaches, which can contribute to respiratory issues and trigger asthma.

Fish commonly consumed and used in various culinary dishes. Cod allergies can provoke digestive symptoms and anaphylaxis.

Common pigweed is a widespread plant known for its highly allergenic pollen. Its pollen can trigger hay fever and other allergic reactions, especially in late summer and autumn. People sensitive to pigweed may experience symptoms during its peak pollination period.

Common ragweed is a plant known for causing autumn allergies. As one of the most abundant pollen producers, ragweed can affect people even miles away from its source. Its high pollen levels are a primary cause of seasonal allergic rhinitis, impacting many as summer transitions into autumn.

Cottonwood trees are known for producing fluffy, cotton-like seeds and pollen that can trigger seasonal allergies. In spring, their pollen becomes airborne—especially on windy days—and may cause symptoms such as sneezing, nasal congestion, and itchy eyes in sensitive individuals.

Crayfish allergy is a hypersensitive reaction to proteins found in crayfish, a type of shellfish. The severity can vary from mild to severe and, at times, may pose a life-threatening risk. Individuals with a crayfish allergy might experience a reaction not only from consuming crayfish but also from inhaling the steam released during cooking.

Cucumber intolerance is a condition where the body struggles to digest cucumber, often leading to stomach discomfort. Unlike a cucumber allergy, which prompts an immune response and can cause more serious reactions, cucumber intolerance usually results in digestive issues after eating it.

Cultivated oat grass (Avena sativa) is a common cereal crop extensively grown in temperate regions. Besides its agricultural uses, it is recognized as an airborne allergen. During its pollination period, oat grass releases pollen into the air, which can be inhaled and may trigger allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Symptoms can include sneezing, nasal congestion, itchy eyes, and respiratory irritation. It is one among many grasses whose pollen contributes to seasonal allergic rhinitis, commonly known as hay fever.

Cultivated rye releases pollen, a well-known trigger of seasonal allergies. Its pollen season can coincide with the grass pollen season, worsening symptoms for people allergic to grass pollen. When rye fields are in bloom, nearby communities may experience an increase in hay fever symptoms.

Pollen from cypress trees, prevalent in the spring and fall. Known to cause hay fever and asthma symptoms.

Dandelions are commonly known as weeds or herbal remedies, but they can also cause allergic reactions or intolerances in some people. These reactions often result from exposure to dandelion pollen or direct contact with the plant. Recognising this potential allergy is important, especially during their peak blooming season.

Dermatophagoides farinae (D. farinae), also known as the American house dust mite, is a common allergen found in household dust. These mites are widespread in carpets, bedding, and upholstered furniture, where they feed on human skin cells. Their fecal matter and body fragments can trigger allergic reactions throughout the year, often contributing to allergic rhinitis and asthma.

Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D. pteronyssinus), commonly referred to as the European house dust mite, is a prevalent indoor allergen. These microscopic creatures flourish in warm, humid conditions and feed on organic materials such as human skin flakes. Their body fragments and waste products can trigger allergic reactions and asthma in sensitive individuals.

Allergenic protein found in the skin, saliva, and urine of dogs, leading to respiratory issues and skin reactions.

Eel meat intolerance is a condition characterized by difficulty in digesting eel meat, a type of seafood commonly enjoyed in various cuisines, especially in Asia and Europe. Unlike an eel meat allergy, which triggers an immune response, intolerance primarily causes digestive discomfort such as stomach pain or upset after consuming eel or dishes containing it.

False ragweed (Parthenium hysterophorus), also known as parthenium weed, is an invasive plant species native to the Americas but now found across many parts of India. It belongs to the Asteraceae family and is a notable allergen due to its highly potent airborne pollen. The plant typically flowers in late summer and autumn, releasing pollen that can trigger allergic rhinitis, asthma, and contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals. Inhalant allergy tests often include false ragweed due to its increasing prevalence and allergenic strength.

Garlic and onion, members of the Allium family, are commonly used ingredients in Indian cuisines. However, some individuals may experience allergic reactions to these foods due to their unique compounds. Understanding and managing garlic and onion allergies is essential for maintaining a healthy, symptom-free diet.

Goldenrod is a flowering plant often mistaken as the cause of hay fever, but the real culprit is usually ragweed, which blooms at the same time and produces highly allergenic pollen. Goldenrod’s pollen is heavy and sticky, making it less likely to become airborne. While allergic reactions to goldenrod can occur, they are uncommon and usually involve symptoms similar to hay fever.

Guinea pig allergy is a reaction caused by proteins found in the animal’s dander, saliva, and urine. Individuals with this allergy may experience symptoms after coming into contact with guinea pigs or their habitats. These symptoms can appear immediately or develop gradually with repeated exposure.

Hamster allergies occur due to allergens found in a hamster’s dander, saliva, and urine. These allergens can cause reactions in individuals either through direct contact with the animal or via airborne exposure. Such allergic reactions are common in households with hamsters or in pet care settings.

Hazel trees are early bloomers that mark the start of allergy season for many people. Their catkins release large amounts of pollen as early as winter or spring, which can cause significant allergic reactions in those sensitive to tree pollen.

Pollen from hazelnut trees, known to cause respiratory allergies during its pollination period.

Allergenic animal dander that can cause respiratory symptoms and skin reactions.

House dust allergies are caused by various components of dust — including dust mites, pet dander, mold spores, and pollen. These allergens can trigger symptoms that affect everyday life, making it important to reduce exposure and manage the home environment effectively.

Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria) is known to produce highly allergenic pollen. This pollen can cause a condition known as "cedar fever," which leads to strong allergic reactions. The pollen is usually released from winter through early spring and can be particularly intense in regions where these trees are common, impacting many people.

Japanese hop (Humulus japonicus) is an invasive climber that flowers in late summer, releasing pollen that can cause allergic reactions. This pollen significantly contributes to seasonal allergies, particularly affecting those who are sensitive, with symptoms often intensifying in urban areas where the plant is more abundant.

Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense) is a fast-growing perennial grass native to the Mediterranean region but now widespread across many parts of India, especially in warm and temperate climates. It is considered both an agricultural weed and a significant source of airborne allergens. Its pollen is released during the warmer months and can trigger allergic reactions in susceptible individuals, particularly those with seasonal allergic rhinitis or asthma. Johnson grass belongs to the Poaceae (grass) family, which includes many cross-reactive species.

Shellfish that is a common allergen, causing symptoms such as hives, swelling, and anaphylaxis.

Fruit allergies, including those to kiwi, mango, and banana, are increasingly acknowledged and represent the body's immune response to specific proteins found in these fruits. These allergies can trigger a spectrum of symptoms, ranging from mild discomfort to severe reactions, and effective identification and management are crucial for maintaining health and well-being.

Lenscale refers to microscopic particles of shed skin, hair, or feathers from animals, primarily pets such as cats and dogs. These particles can become airborne, settle on furniture, bedding, or carpets, and trigger allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Unlike larger fur clumps, lenscale is extremely light and often invisible to the eye, which makes it a persistent allergen indoors even in clean environments. Allergic reactions to lenscale are caused by specific proteins found in the skin secretions or saliva of animals, which adhere to these fine particles. Even without direct animal contact, individuals can experience symptoms if exposed to contaminated environments.

Lobster and Pacific squid are popular seafood delicacies enjoyed by many but can cause allergic reactions in some individuals. These allergies may lead to symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to severe, potentially life-threatening conditions. It is important for those at risk to recognise and manage allergies to lobster and Pacific squid.

Maple leaf sycamore, also called sycamore maple, is a major trigger of spring allergies. Its pollen can cause irritation in sensitive people, leading to seasonal allergic rhinitis. Symptoms usually get worse on bright, windy days when pollen levels are at their peak in the air.

Meat allergy is a condition where the immune system incorrectly identifies certain proteins in meat as harmful. This leads to an allergic reaction that can vary from mild to severe. Unlike food intolerances, which primarily affect digestion, meat allergies may cause symptoms involving the skin, respiratory system, and overall health.

Dust mite allergen, which is a common indoor allergen causing respiratory issues and skin reactions.

Allergies to mice and rats are a common concern, particularly in laboratory settings or homes where these animals are kept as pets. Allergens from mice and rats—present in their urine, dander, and saliva—can become airborne and trigger allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

Pollen from mugwort plants, often causing respiratory symptoms in sensitive individuals during its peak season.

Oak trees produce a large amount of pollen and are a common cause of seasonal spring allergies. When they release pollen, it can trigger strong allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. The oak pollen season is often linked to increased allergy and asthma symptoms due to higher pollen levels in the air.

Pollen from olive trees, typically causing hay fever and other respiratory allergies during blooming periods.

Ox-eye daisy is a perennial plant that can cause allergic reactions in sensitive people. Though its pollen is generally less allergenic than that of many other plants, it can still provoke hay fever symptoms in those who are susceptible.

Stone fruit that can cause allergies ranging from oral allergy syndrome to severe reactions like anaphylaxis.

Penicillium notatum is a common mold recognized for its role in producing penicillin. In indoor environments, it can cause allergic reactions, especially in damp areas. Exposure to this mold may lead to respiratory symptoms and allergies in sensitive individuals, particularly those susceptible to mold-related issues.

Perennial rye grass (Lolium perenne) is a cool-season grass commonly used for lawns, pastures, and turf due to its rapid growth and resilience. It belongs to the Poaceae family and is a well-known source of seasonal allergens. During its pollination period—typically late spring to early summer—it releases airborne pollen that can trigger allergic reactions such as hay fever and asthma in sensitive individuals. The allergenic potential of perennial rye grass makes it a significant component in inhalant allergy testing panels.

Allergies to seafood such as plaice, anchovy, and Alaska pollock happen when the immune system responds to certain proteins in these fish. These reactions can lead to various symptoms and may have a significant impact on diet and lifestyle. It is important for those with these allergies to understand the triggers, symptoms, and management strategies.

Plantain weed is a common allergen found in grassy areas, not to be confused with the banana-like fruit. Its small, inconspicuous flowers release pollen that can trigger seasonal allergy symptoms. While it is not as prolific a pollen producer as other weeds, plantain can still cause issues for individuals with specific sensitivities.

Pollen from ribwort plantain, a type of plant that can trigger respiratory allergies, especially in summer.

Russian thistle, also called tumbleweed, is a plant whose pollen can cause seasonal allergic reactions. Its pollen is a common allergen, especially in dry regions. During blooming periods, the light pollen can travel great distances, impacting many people. Symptoms resemble hay fever and include sneezing, itchy eyes, and a runny nose.

Pollen from rye grass, a significant cause of hay fever and respiratory allergies during its pollen season.

Sheep wool allergy refers to an allergic reaction often caused not by the wool fibres themselves, but by sensitivity to lanolin (wool grease) or other substances present in the wool. These allergens can trigger symptoms when wearing clothing made from sheep’s wool or coming into contact with wool-containing products.

Shrimp allergy is a common shellfish allergy caused by an immune reaction to proteins found in shrimp. It is one of the most frequent food allergies in adults and can trigger symptoms ranging from mild to severe, including anaphylaxis. This allergy is usually lifelong and may be triggered by consuming shrimp or even inhaling steam during cooking.

Silkworm pupa allergy is a condition that occurs due to an immune response triggered by proteins present in silkworm pupae, which are used in various Indian dishes and as a source of silk. This allergy can cause reactions in some individuals, so recognising symptoms, avoiding contact, and understanding how to manage the allergy are important for those affected.

Grass pollen allergies indicate sensitivity to different grass species — including sweet vernal, orchard grass, common reed, and bent grass. These allergens can greatly impact individuals prone to allergic reactions, affecting respiratory health, causing eye irritation, and influencing overall well-being. Understanding these allergies, identifying symptoms, and implementing effective management techniques can help alleviate discomfort and enhance quality of life during peak pollen seasons.

Timothy grass pollen allergy is a condition caused by an immune response to the pollen of Timothy grass, a common grass species found throughout temperate regions and frequently used for hay. This allergy is a form of seasonal allergic rhinitis, with symptoms typically occurring during the grass's pollination period, usually in late spring and early summer.

Grass pollen that triggers many seasonal allergies, causing hay fever and asthma symptoms during its season.

Vegetable widely used in culinary dishes. Tomato allergy can cause oral allergy syndrome and digestive issues.

Total IgE testing measures the overall level of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies in the blood, which are produced in response to allergens. Elevated levels may indicate increased allergic sensitivity but do not identify specific allergens.

Tuna and salmon are widely favored fish choices across India, appreciated for their flavour and nutritional value. However, some people may have allergic reactions to these fish — a condition that can vary from mild discomfort to severe, life-threatening situations. Recognising the symptoms, triggers, and ways to manage tuna and salmon allergies is crucial for those affected.

Tyrophagus putrescentiae, commonly known as the mold mite, is a species frequently found in stored foods and household dust. These mites flourish in high-humidity environments and can cause allergic reactions when their waste or body fragments become airborne and are inhaled, resulting in various allergy symptoms in sensitive individuals.

Walnut intolerance is a condition that causes difficulty in digesting walnuts, leading to gastrointestinal discomfort. Unlike a walnut allergy, which activates the immune system and can cause severe, immediate symptoms, walnut intolerance typically results in digestive problems after consuming walnuts.

Wasp venom allergy is a condition that occurs when the body has an allergic reaction to the sting of a wasp. This allergy can trigger symptoms ranging from localized pain and swelling to severe anaphylaxis. Unlike bee stings, wasp stings can be more dangerous because wasps can sting multiple times, increasing the risk of a serious allergic response.

White ash (Fraxinus americana) pollen is a major contributor to seasonal pollen counts, particularly in spring when these trees bloom. The airborne pollen from white ash can cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals, increasing the range of tree pollens present during allergy season.

White pine trees are conifers with long, slender needles and can contribute to pollen-related allergies. While their pollen is less potent than that of some other trees, it may still trigger symptoms in sensitive individuals, particularly during peak pollen levels in the spring.

Willow tree pollen is an indicator of the early spring release of pollen by willow trees. The light, easily spread pollen can cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals, leading to seasonal allergy symptoms. Exposure can result in discomfort, even during what is usually a pleasant time of the year.

Pollen from wormwood plants, known to cause hay fever and exacerbate asthma during its blooming season.